js教程如何进行Node.js扩展开发？前置知识分享

直接写C++代码开发插件，当Node.js版本变化时引用的v8、libuv等库的版本可能发生变化，这些三方库的api也可能会变化，导致需要修改代码

NAN方式开发插件，引用nan.h需要在Node.js版本变化时重新编译

N-API方式调用Node.js稳定的二进制ABI接口(Application Binary Interface)，只要ABI版本号一致就不需要重新编译复制代码

> process.versions
{
  node: '18.0.0',
  v8: '10.1.124.8-node.13',
  uv: '1.43.0',
  zlib: '1.2.11',
  brotli: '1.0.9',
  ares: '1.18.1',
  modules: '108',
  nghttp2: '1.47.0',
  napi: '8',
  llhttp: '6.0.4',
  openssl: '3.0.2+quic',
  cldr: '41.0',
  icu: '71.1',
  tz: '2022a',
  unicode: '14.0',
  ngtcp2: '0.1.0-DEV',
  nghttp3: '0.1.0-DEV'
}

npm install -g node-gyp

npm config set msvs_version 2022

node-gyp install --dist-url=http://mirrors.tools.huawei.com/Node.js/

C:\Users\z00443016\AppData\Local\node-gyp\Cache\18.0.0\include\node

npm config set python D:\runtime\python复制代码

var addon = require('bindings')('hello');

// 或者直接require hello.node文件
// var addon = require('./build/Release/hello.node');

console.log(addon.hello()); // 'world'

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Win32",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**",
                "C:\Users\${userName}\AppData\Local\node-gyp\Cache\18.0.0\include\node",
                "D:\tool\nvm\v18.0.0\node_global\node_modules\node-addon-api"
            ],
            "defines": [
                "_DEBUG",
                "UNICODE",
                "_UNICODE"
            ],
            "cStandard": "c17",
            "cppStandard": "c++17",
            "intelliSenseMode": "windows-msvc-x64"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "c++ launch",
            "type": "lldb",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "D:\runtime\nodejs\node.exe",
            "args": ["${workspaceFolder}/src/hello.js"],
            "stopAtEntry": true,
            "cwd": "${fileDirname}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,
            "MIMode": "lldb",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "为 gdb 启用整齐打印",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

npm config set msvs_version 2022
npm config set python D:\runtime\python

{
  "name": "hello_world",
  "version": "0.0.0",
  "description": "Node.js Addons Example #1",
  "main": "hello.js",
  "private": true,
  "dependencies": {
    "bindings": "~1.2.1",
    "node-addon-api": "^1.0.0"
  },
  "scripts": {
    "test": "node hello.js"
  },
  "gypfile": true
}

"binary": {
    "module_name": "xprofiler",
    "module_path": "./build/binding/{configuration}/{node_abi}-{platform}-{arch}/",
    "remote_path": "./v{version}/",
    "package_name": "{module_name}-v{version}-{node_abi}-{platform}-{arch}.tar.gz",
    "host": "https://github.com/X-Profiler/xprofiler/releases/download"
},

double    do_some_number_fudging(double a, int b);
myobj *   create_object();
double    do_stuff_with_object(myobj *obj);
void      use_string_with_object(myobj *obj, char *value);
void      delete_object(myobj *obj);

var ffi = require("ffi");

var MyLibrary = ffi.Library('libmylibrary', {
  "do_some_number_fudging": [ 'double', [ 'double', 'int' ] ],
  "create_object": [ myobjPtr, [] ],
  "do_stuff_with_object": [ "double", [ myobjPtr ] ],
  "use_string_with_object": [ "void", [ myobjPtr, "string" ] ],
  "delete_object": [ "void", [ myobjPtr ] ]
});

var res = MyLibrary.do_some_number_fudging(1.5, 5);
var fun_object = MyLibrary.create_object();

if (fun_object.isNull()) {
    console.log("Oh no! Couldn't create object!\n");
} else {
    MyLibrary.use_string_with_object(fun_object, "Hello World!");
    var fun = MyLibrary.do_stuff_with_object(fun_object);
    MyLibrary.delete_object(fun_object);
}